Change log

Data update

US data

• Updated the U.S. GHG emissions data (totals and by sector) released by the University of Maryland Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Analysis (UMD GHGIA) (link) from 2023 to 2024.

Data update

UK data

• Updated the UK IO tables released by the U.K. Office for National Statistics (link) from 2022 to 2023, incorporating the most recent benchmark IO tables.

• Updated the U.K. GHG emissions data released by the U.K. Office for National Statistics (link) from 2022 to 2023, incorporating the most recent benchmark IO tables.

Data update

China data

• Updated the China IO tables released by the National Bureau of Statistics of China (NBS) (link) from 2020 to 2023, incorporating the most recent benchmark IO tables.

• Updated the China GHG emissions data released by Our World in Data (OWID) (link), Community Emissions Data System (CEDS) (link), and Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) (link) from 2020 to 2023, incorporating the most recent benchmark IO tables.

Data update

Europe & other global data

• Updated the tier 2 country IO tables using Eurostat’s Full International and Global Accounts for Research in Input-Output Analysis (FIGARO) (link) for 2023 data where available and otherwise to 2020 OECD IO tables (link).

• Updated the tier 2 country emissions data using FIGARO’s 2023 data (link) where available and otherwise to 2020 OECD IO tables (link).

Data update

Global trade data

• Updated global trade data released by the United Nations Comtrade (BACI) (link) from 2023 to 2024.

• Global trade data is supplemented with FIGARO trade data (link) to fill gaps in BACI data.

Methodology improvements

Model reconciliation

• USEEIO and CEDA teams reviewed 18 differences between the models for the US and either adopted one of the model’s approaches or proposed an improvement. The differences can be categorized into 3 types: sectors schema, treatment of economic data and GHG attribution. For details on the differences, see the model reconciliation section below.

Methodology improvements

Auto-balancing structural reflection (ABSR)

• Improved disaggregation of non-US economic data into detailed sectors using a new block scaling method.

Methodology improvements

US nowcasting and facility reported data

• Estimated detailed 2024 US IO tables from primary sources from 2017 to 2024, replicating the tables produced by the BEA.

• Used facility reported data to allocate emissions of manufacturing sectors, instead of survey data.

Methodology improvements

Bug fixes

• Corrected errors in HS mapping.

• Corrected double application of AR5 to AR6 conversion.

• Corrected loading of the UK IO table.

Methodology improvements

Benchmark informed improvements

• Leveraged third-party benchmark data created with ~1,000 data sources to review key sectors that drive ~50% of global emissions, producing one of three outcomes: benchmark improvements, model improvements or documentation of known discrepancies. More on why we benchmark in Why we benchmark.