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The code behind Cornerstone EEIO

Model componentBuilt by
U.S. Make and Use tables, direct requirements (Adom, Aimp), output and final demandbedrock
U.S. GHG extension (B)bedrock
U.S. trade and transport margins (A_margin) and price indexesbedrock
IO tables and emissions for all other countries (Tiers 1 to 3)ceda
Trade linking, balancing and the multi-regional total requirements (L)ceda
Emission factors (M, N), regional averages, price-year and purchaser-price adjustments, margin emission factorsceda
Published release filesceda

bedrock: the U.S. model

bedrock is an open-source pipeline that builds the U.S. components of the model. It brings together the U.S. methods of USEEIO and CEDA. It produces the Cornerstone nowcast Make and Use tables for 2017 to 2024 on BEA’s 2017 detailed schema, along with the U.S. direct requirements, GHG extension, margins and price indexes listed above. Every methodology choice is set in a configuration file, so the effect of each choice can be tested on its own, and the results of each release are pinned so they can be reproduced exactly. The code is publicly available on GitHub under the Cornerstone Data Pipeline Attribution License, which requires attribution when it is used.

ceda: the global model and the emission factors

The ceda pipeline builds the rest of the global multi-regional model and produces the published emission factors. It takes the U.S. components from a pinned bedrock release, adds the IO tables and emissions for the Tier 1–3 countries, and maps them to the 405 common sectors with ABSR. It then links countries through bilateral trade, balances the multi-regional table with RAS, and solves for the total requirements. From that, it calculates the emission factors (including regional and global averages, price-year and purchaser-price variants, and margin factors) and writes the release files (see Calculating the emission factors). The pipeline grew out of the code behind CEDA and is maintained by Cornerstone. It is currently closed-source.

How the code is checked

Both pipelines are tested automatically on every change, and their main outputs are compared with pinned reference results. See code validation.

Applies to: 2026-rc